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瓢虫浏览器采用Rust语言 -- Ladybird Browser adopts Rust

文章摘要

Ladybird项目决定采用Rust语言替代C++,因其内存安全特性及成熟的生态系统。尽管Rust与C++面向对象风格不兼容,但考虑到Firefox等已采用Rust,团队决定从LibJS引擎开始逐步重写。AI工具协助了部分迁移工作。

文章总结

标题:Ladybird项目在AI助力下采用Rust语言

核心内容: 1. 项目背景 - Ladybird团队长期寻找替代C++的内存安全编程语言 - 曾尝试Swift但存在跨平台限制和C++交互问题 - 最终选择Rust,因其成熟的系统编程生态和团队熟悉度

  1. 选择Rust的原因
  • 2024年评估时因OOP支持不足暂缓采用
  • 权衡后认为Rust的安全特性和生态优势更重要
  • 主流浏览器(Firefox/Chromium)已开始采用Rust
  1. 迁移实施
  • 首个迁移目标:JavaScript引擎LibJS
  • 使用Claude Code和Codex进行辅助翻译(非自动生成)
  • 保持与C++版本字节级一致的严格标准
  • 完成2.5万行Rust代码迁移,耗时约两周
  1. 验证结果
  • 通过test262等测试套件(共65,359项测试)零回归
  • 性能测试无退化
  • 采用双管道并行运行验证机制
  1. 后续计划
  • 保持C++/Rust代码共存状态
  • 由核心团队统筹迁移优先级
  • 逐步优化非地道的Rust代码

项目创始人Andreas Kling表示,虽然这个决定可能存在争议,但相信这是Ladybird未来的正确选择。

(注:删减了具体代码审查过程、寄存器分配等过细技术细节,保留了关键决策因素和迁移成果的核心数据)

评论总结

以下是评论内容的总结:

1. 对语言选择的质疑

  • Swift的局限性:有评论指出Swift在跨平台支持和C++互操作性上的不足,选择Swift一开始就存在问题。

    • "Why was there ever any expectation for Swift having good platform support outside Apple?" (评论21)
    • "the decision to use Swift always seemed pretty 'out there'" (评论22)
  • Rust的适用性:部分评论对Rust是否适合该项目表示怀疑,认为其严格的借用检查可能影响开发效率。

    • "Rust is notoriously bad at letting people define their own structure... it's not a fit for when you need to deliver a really huge codebase" (评论23)
    • "I don't know if it's a good fit... Ladybird praises CPP/Swift currently" (评论12)

2. AI辅助编程的讨论

  • 积极评价:AI在代码迁移中表现出色,大幅提升效率且保持零回归。

    • "The entire port took about two weeks. The same work would have taken me multiple months to do by hand" (评论8)
    • "A big win... How long until Ladybird begins to impact market dominance?" (评论28)
  • 消极反应:AI引发对编程热情减退和职业前景的担忧。

    • "Agents keep killing all the passion I have for programming... Soon it will do everything better" (评论7)
    • "10x programmers become 100x with the power of AI... the world is going to suck for ordinary people" (评论20)

3. 项目方向的争议

  • 支持转型:部分用户认为转向Rust是合理选择,可能促进与Servo的合作。

    • "Cool, that seems like a rational choice... will make both of them more likely to succeed" (评论24)
    • "Very happy to see this... Rust makes a whole lot more sense" (评论22)
  • 质疑决策:批评项目频繁更换语言显得不够专业。

    • "This entire project starts to look like 'how am I feeling today?' rather than a serious project" (评论10)
    • "This feels like yah shaving instead of focusing on delivering a browser" (评论16)

4. 技术细节的探讨

  • 迁移质量:关注非惯用Rust代码可能带来的技术债务。

    • "Is 'cleanup' doing a lot of heavy lifting here? Could that mean another complete rewrite?" (评论5)
    • "I wonder what kind of tech debt this brings" (评论27)
  • 替代方案:建议考虑其他内存安全语言如D或Ada。

    • "Is there any discussion on why D or even Ada was not considered?" (评论18)

5. 情感反应

  • 乐观期待:对独立浏览器引擎的出现表示欢迎。

    • "If this means we will get an independent state-of-the-art browser engine, I'm all for it" (评论13)
  • 失望情绪:对项目方向改变感到不安。

    • "I am left with disappointment and unease... Comparable to when a series jumps the shark" (评论9)

(注:所有评论均未显示评分,故未包含认可度分析)