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天然钻石行业遭遇冲击,实验室培育钻石功不可没 -- The natural diamond industry is getting rocked. Thank the lab-grown variety

文章摘要

实验室培育钻石近年迅速崛起,因其价格优势和伦理考量,逐渐取代了传统开采钻石的市场地位。多伦多珠宝商Aret Oymakas表示,其业务中天然钻石占比从2018年的100%骤降至如今的3-4%。这一趋势对加拿大北部等地的钻石开采业造成了显著冲击。

文章总结

实验室培育钻石冲击天然钻石行业

近年来,实验室培育钻石的兴起对传统的天然钻石行业造成了巨大冲击。多伦多Livia Diamonds的老板Aret Oymakas表示,2018年之前,他的业务完全依赖天然钻石,但如今天然钻石仅占其业务的3%至4%。实验室培育钻石的流行不仅改变了消费者的选择,也对全球钻石矿业,尤其是加拿大北部的钻石开采业产生了深远影响。

实验室培育钻石的优势

实验室培育钻石通过化学和高温在几周内生成,与天然钻石在物理和化学性质上几乎完全相同。Oymakas将其比作冰箱中制作的冰与户外自然结冰的冰,两者在本质上并无区别。然而,阿尔伯塔大学地球与大气科学系的Graham Pearson教授指出,天然钻石在地下深处形成的复杂过程赋予了其独特性,而实验室培育钻石则缺乏这种“复杂性”。

价格与伦理驱动消费者选择

价格是消费者选择实验室培育钻石的主要原因之一。Oymakas举例说,一枚两克拉的天然钻石订婚戒指可能售价3.5万美元,而同样大小、净度和颜色的实验室培育钻石仅需3500美元。此外,实验室培育钻石的伦理优势也吸引了大量消费者。非洲钻石开采业中存在的强迫劳动和童工问题,以及“血钻”问题,使得许多消费者更倾向于选择无伦理争议的实验室培育钻石。

对加拿大北部矿业的影响

实验室培育钻石的流行对加拿大北部的钻石矿业造成了严重打击。近期,西北地区的Burgundy Diamond Mines宣布裁员数百人,并暂时关闭其Point Lake露天矿场。加拿大曾是全球第三大钻石生产国,2019年钻石出口额达22.1亿加元。然而,随着实验室培育钻石的崛起,天然钻石价格在过去两年中下跌了26%,导致加拿大北部的钻石矿业面临巨大压力。

未来展望

加拿大北部的三个钻石矿场正在逐步关闭,预计将导致数千个直接和间接工作岗位的流失。Pearson教授表示,钻石矿业的关闭将对北部社区产生“巨大”影响,可能导致人口外流和经济衰退。尽管实验室培育钻石在价格和伦理上具有优势,但其对环境和能源的影响也不容忽视。

总的来说,实验室培育钻石的崛起正在重塑全球钻石行业,天然钻石的市场份额逐渐被侵蚀,而这一趋势对加拿大北部的经济和社会结构带来了深远影响。

评论总结

评论内容总结:

  1. 天然钻石与实验室钻石的对比

    • 有人认为天然钻石和实验室钻石在化学性质上并无区别,主要差异在于劳动实践和伦理问题。
      引用
      "It's all just a crystalline form of carbon."
      "The real major difference is in the labor practices being used."
    • 也有人认为天然钻石的形成过程赋予了它们独特的美感,尽管实验室钻石外观相似。
      引用
      "There is something about diamonds that makes them divine: carbon atoms crystallizing and bonding over millions to billions of years."
      "People are being priced out of art and beauty and it’s a shame economics and corruption make real diamonds dirty."
  2. 钻石行业的垄断与伦理问题

    • 评论者指出钻石行业长期由垄断企业(如De Beers)控制,人为制造稀缺性。
      引用
      "The major investors in the diamond mines realized that they had no alternative but to merge their interests into a single entity that would be powerful enough to control production."
      "De Beers had a good run as a cartel but as they say, 'the jig is up'."
    • 实验室钻石被视为解决“血钻”问题的替代方案,但行业仍依赖人为需求。
      引用
      "Maybe they should stop fighting the synthetic diamonds and embrace them instead, as something guaranteed free of human suffering and war profiteering."
      "The whole industry hinges on manufactured demand."
  3. 实验室钻石的价格与市场影响

    • 实验室钻石的价格下降使其更具吸引力,尤其是在价格仅为天然钻石的10%时。
      引用
      "When prices got about 50% of natural, it became much more compelling. Now that it’s around 10%, it’s practically so compelling that buying natural isn’t even a real consideration for many people."
      "The variable cost of making a 1ct finished brilliant (D-E,F-VVSI) is <$30US."
    • 实验室钻石的普及对工业应用也产生了积极影响。
      引用
      "The falling price of synthetic diamonds has been a huge boon. Several processes I do right now would be impractical without the use of 'low-cost' diamonds."
  4. 消费者选择与情感因素

    • 尽管伦理问题被提及,但消费者选择实验室钻石的主要驱动力仍是价格。
      引用
      "Ethics were not compelling enough for most people at that price."
      "If the tables were turned and natural diamonds became 1/10th the cost of lab grown, the market would completely flip back practically overnight."
    • 部分消费者仍对天然钻石有情感依恋,认为其象征意义不可替代。
      引用
      "The whole idea behind a diamond engagement ring is a marketing exercise backed up by a cartel, so if you're gonna participate in the ritual you might as well do it right."
  5. 对钻石行业的批评

    • 评论者对钻石行业的高价和营销策略表示强烈不满,认为其建立在虚假的稀缺性上。
      引用
      "I have a visceral hatred for the diamond industry, and its based on nothing except my shock at how expensive a shiny rock is and the effectiveness of the advertising campaign around them."
      "They built such an incredible narrative where people would judge each other based on the size of a rock."

总结:评论者普遍认为实验室钻石在价格和伦理上优于天然钻石,但天然钻石的象征意义和情感价值仍对部分消费者有吸引力。钻石行业的垄断和人为制造稀缺性受到广泛批评,实验室钻石的普及被视为打破这一局面的重要力量。